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Archive for October, 2024

Ephemeris: 10/03/2024 – Capella rising

October 3, 2024 Comments off

This is Ephemeris for Thursday, October 3rd. Today the Sun will be up for 11 hours and 34 minutes, setting at 7:18, and it will rise tomorrow at 7:45. The Moon, 1 day past new, will set at 7:33 this evening.

There is a bright star low in the northeast these evenings. It doesn’t seem to be rising very much over the course of the evening. This star is Capella, whose name means “little goat” and is part of the constellation Auriga the charioteer, which won’t completely rise for until about 11 PM. Capella is a circumpolar star meaning it appears to go around the North Pole of the sky, in a circle, as the Earth rotates but never sets. This is true for the Interlochen/Traverse City area and for latitudes north of the city of Ludington. Capella is slowly rising from the bottom of its circumpolar circle in the north, so it’s moving more horizontally than it is rising up. This motion was suspicious to one person who called me, who wondered what it was.

The astronomical event times given are for the Traverse City/Interlochen area of Michigan (EDT, UT – 4 hours). Times will be different for other locations.

Addendum

The first magnitude star Capella is shown rising in the north-northeast
The first magnitude star Capella is shown rising in the north-northeast over an hour and a quarter from 7:45 PM to 9 o’clock. Capella is the 6th brightest star in the sky and the most northerly of first magnitude stars. It is a winter star and is a constant reminder here in Northern Michigan that winter will soon be here. Created using Stellarium and GIMP.

Categories: Ephemeris Program, Observing, Stars Tags:

Ephemeris: 10/02/2024 – Taking our weekly look at where the naked-eye planets are

October 2, 2024 Comments off

This is Ephemeris for Wednesday, October 2nd. Today the Sun will be up for 11 hours and 37 minutes, setting at 7:20, and it will rise tomorrow at 7:43. The Moon is new today, and won’t be visible.

Let’s take our weekly look at the whereabouts of the naked-eye planets. Venus might be spotted in the West southwest only 7° above the horizon at 7:45 PM, 35 minutes after sunset. It will set at 8:30. Saturn will be low in the east-southeast at that time, but you might have to wait another half hour for it to appear. Saturn may look disappointing in telescopes this year since its rings are nearly edge on and appearing as a line through the planet like it’s stapled onto the sky. Jupiter and Mars will be up in the morning sky, with Jupiter rising about 10:30 PM now in the east-northeast and by 7 AM tomorrow, Jupiter will be brighter than the winter stars high in the south. Mars will be left of Jupiter. Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS is very low in the east at that hour, but probably too faint to spot.

The astronomical event times given are for the Traverse City/Interlochen area of Michigan (EDT, UT – 4 hours). Times will be different for other locations.

Addendum

Venus in evening twilight
Venus in evening twilight, approximately 25 minutes after sunset. For the Grand Traverse area of Michigan that would be about 7:45 PM, where Venus is very close to the horizon, due to the low angle of the ecliptic. Created using Stellarium.
Saturn in the southeastern sky by 9 pm. Created using Stellarium
The morning planets Jupiter and Mars are seen among the winter stars at 7 AM or about an hour before sunrise in the South southeast. Though Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS is shown, it is too low and faint to be able to spot. Created using Stellarium.
Telescopic Venus, Saturn and Jupiter (north up) as they would be seen in a small telescope with the same magnification. Venus and Saturn are from the evening of the 2nd 2024, Jupiter is for 7 am on the 3rd. Apparent diameters: Venus 12.4″, 84.3% illuminated; Saturn 19.0″, its rings 44.3″, 4.3 degrees from edge on (opening up a bit); Jupiter 42.6″; Mars, too small to be represented here, is 7.7″. Saturn’s rings are actually much brighter than depicted here. The ” means seconds of arc, or 1/3600th of a degree. Click or tap on the image to enlarge it. Created using Cartes du Ciel (Sky Charts).
The naked-eye planets and the Moon at sunset and sunrise on a single night, starting with sunset on the right on October 2, 2024. The night ends on the left with sunrise on the 3rd. Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS is moving northeastward in the sky. Click or tap on the image to enlarge it. Created using my LookingUp app and GIMP.
This is a low precision ephemeris of the Sun Moon and naked eye planet positions for today and tomorrow, October 2 and 3, 2024. Some of the columns are self-explanatory, others not. The transit column is the time that the body crosses the meridian and is due south. Elong, for elongation, is the angle between the Sun and that body. RA is right ascension, which is the object’s east-west position on the celestial sphere in hours and minutes. Dec is declination which is the north-south position of the object on the celestial sphere in degrees and minutes. R is the distance of that object from the Sun in astronomical units. An astronomical unit is about 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers. And Delta is the distance of that object from the Earth, also in astronomical units. I omit the ‘m’ in am and pm for compactness. The data was generated using my LookingUp for DOS app and displayed as a table by my Ephemeris Helper app.
Categories: Ephemeris Program, Naked-eye planets, Observing, Planets Tags: , , , ,

Ephemeris: 10/01/2024 – Previewing the skies of October

October 1, 2024 Comments off

This is Ephemeris for Tuesday, October 1st. Today the Sun will be up for 11 hours and 40 minutes, setting at 7:22, and it will rise tomorrow at 7:42. The Moon, 1 day before new, will rise at 7:30 tomorrow morning.

Let’s look at the skies for the month of October. The Sun will still be moving south rapidly. Daylight hours in the Interlochen/Traverse City area and will drop from 11 hours and 40 minutes today to 10 hours, 11 minutes at month’s end. The altitude of the Sun above the southern horizon at local noon will be 42 degrees today, and will descend to 31 degrees on Halloween, also in the Interlochen area. Sunrise times will increase from 7:41 today all the way to 8:20 a.m. in Interlochen and Traverse City on the 31st. Sunset times will decrease from 7:22 p.m. today to 6:32 on Halloween.

The big event of October will be the appearance of Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS in the evening sky which may become quite bright, but being a comet, all bets are off until you actually see it. It will become visible in the evening sky starting October 12th.

The astronomical event times given are for the Traverse City/Interlochen area of Michigan (EDT, UT – 4 hours). Times will be different for other locations.

Addendum

October path of Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS

The track of Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS from October 12th through November 1st. The position of the stars are set for October 12th at 8 PM. The dates are the day of the month except the first and last entries which is year, month as a Roman numeral, and day. The number in parentheses is the magnitude of the comet. I wouldn’t believe it, but you can see how the comet gets dimmer as it goes through the month (remembering that the higher the magnitude number the dimmer the comet). Created using Stellarium.

October Evening Star Chart

Star Chart for October evenings 2024
Star Chart for October 2024. Click or tap on the image to enlarge it. Created using my LookingUp program.

The planets and stars are plotted for the 15th at 9 p.m. EDT in the evening and 6 a.m. for the morning chart. These are the chart times. Note that Traverse City is located approximately 45 minutes behind our time meridian, West 75° longitude. (An hour 45 minutes behind our daylight saving time meridian during EDT). To duplicate the star positions on a planisphere you may have to set it to 1 hour 45 minutes earlier than the current time.

October Morning Star Chart

Star Chart for October mornings 2024
Star Chart for October mornings 2024. Click on the image to enlarge it. Created using my LookingUp program.

or a list of constellation names to go with the abbreviations, click here.

  • Pointer stars at the front of the bowl of the Big Dipper point to Polaris, the North Star.
  • Leaky dipper drips on Leo.
  • Follow the arc of the handle of the Big Dipper to the star Arcturus.
  • The Summer Triangle is in red.
  • DracR – Draconid Radiant – Peaks the 8th – Zenithal Hourly Rate < 10 with rare outbursts of a thousand an hour. It’s hindered this year by the full moon.
  • OriR – Orionid Radiant – Peak 21st – Zenithal Hourly Rate = 20

Twilight Limits, Nautical and Astronomical

      EDT        
  Morning Twilight Evening Twilight Dark Night Moon
Date Astro. Nautical Nautical Astro. Start End Illum.
2024-10-01 6h06m 6h40m 20h28m 21h03m 21h03m 6h06m 0.00
2024-10-02 6h07m 6h41m 20h27m 21h01m 21h01m 6h07m 0.00
2024-10-03 6h08m 6h42m 20h25m 20h59m 20h59m 6h08m 0.02
2024-10-04 6h09m 6h43m 20h23m 20h57m 20h57m 6h09m 0.05
2024-10-05 6h11m 6h45m 20h21m 20h55m 20h55m 6h11m 0.10
2024-10-06 6h12m 6h46m 20h19m 20h53m 20h53m 6h12m 0.17
2024-10-07 6h13m 6h47m 20h17m 20h51m 21h15m 6h13m 0.25
2024-10-08 6h14m 6h48m 20h16m 20h50m 22h01m 6h14m 0.34
2024-10-09 6h16m 6h50m 20h14m 20h48m 22h58m 6h16m 0.44
2024-10-10 6h17m 6h51m 20h12m 20h46m – 6h17m 0.55
2024-10-11 6h18m 6h52m 20h10m 20h44m 0h06m 6h18m 0.65
2024-10-12 6h19m 6h53m 20h09m 20h43m 1h22m 6h19m 0.76
2024-10-13 6h21m 6h54m 20h07m 20h41m 2h42m 6h21m 0.85
2024-10-14 6h22m 6h56m 20h05m 20h39m 4h03m 6h22m 0.92
2024-10-15 6h23m 6h57m 20h04m 20h37m 5h25m 6h23m 0.98
2024-10-16 6h24m 6h58m 20h02m 20h36m – – 1.00
2024-10-17 6h26m 6h59m 20h00m 20h34m – – 0.99
2024-10-18 6h27m 7h01m 19h55m 20h33m – – 0.96
2024-10-19 6h28m 7h02m 19h53m 20h31m – – 0.89
2024-10-20 6h29m 7h03m 19h52m 20h29m 20h29m 20h40m 0.81
2024-10-21 6h31m 7h04m 19h50m 20h28m 20h28m 21h36m 0.72
2024-10-22 6h32m 7h05m 19h49m 20h26m 20h26m 22h41m 0.62
2024-10-23 6h33m 7h07m 19h47m 20h25m 20h25m 23h51m 0.51
2024-10-24 6h34m 7h08m 19h46m 20h23m 20h23m – 0.41
2024-10-25 6h35m 7h09m 19h44m 20h22m 20h22m 1h01m 0.32
2024-10-26 6h37m 7h10m 19h43m 20h21m 20h21m 2h10m 0.23
2024-10-27 6h38m 7h12m 19h42m 20h19m 20h19m 3h16m 0.16
2024-10-28 6h39m 7h13m 19h40m 20h18m 20h18m 4h19m 0.10
2024-10-29 6h40m 7h14m 19h39m 20h17m 20h17m 5h22m 0.05
2024-10-30 6h41m 7h15m 19h37m 20h15m 20h15m 6h25m 0.02
2024-10-31 6h43m 7h16m 19h36m 20h14m 20h14m 6h43m 0.00

Twilight calendar was generated using Cartes du Ciel (Sky Charts).

See my blog post: Twilight Zone for the definitions of the different periods of twilight here: https://bobmoler.wordpress.com/2018/09/27/.

NASA Calendar of Planetary Events

Date          Time    Event
Oct  1  Tu            Venus: 31.4° E
     2  We   7:52 am  Moon Descending Node
     2  We   2:46 pm  Annular Solar Eclipse
     2  We   2:49 pm  New Moon
     2  We   3:40 pm  Moon Apogee: 406500 km
     5  Sa   4:26 pm  Moon-Venus: 3.3° N
     7  Mo   2:48 pm  Moon-Antares:  .2° N
     9  We   7:53 am  Moon South Dec.: 28.7° S
    10  Th   2:55 pm  First Quarter
    14  Mo   2:05 pm  Moon-Saturn:  .1° S
    16  We   3:05 am  Moon Ascending Node
    16  We   8:46 pm  Moon Perigee: 357200 km
    17  Th   7:26 am  Full Moon
    18  Fr   7:50 pm  Mars-Pollux: 5.7° S
    19  Sa   3:59 pm  Moon-Pleiades:  .1° S
    21  Mo   1:58 am  Orionid Shower: ZHR = 20
    21  Mo   8:50 pm  Moon North Dec.: 28.7° N
    23  We   1:16 pm  Moon-Pollux: 1.8° N
    23  We   3:55 pm  Moon-Mars: 4.2° S
    24  Th   4:03 am  Last Quarter
    24  Th   1:35 pm  Moon-Beehive: 3.3° S
    25  Fr   7:43 pm  Venus-Antares: 3.1° N
    29  Tu  12:44 pm  Moon Descending Node
    29  Tu   5:50 pm  Moon Apogee: 406200 km
Nov  1  Fr            Venus: 38.2° E

All event times are given for UTC-4 hr: Eastern Daylight Saving Time.

Sky Events Calendar by Fred Espenak and Sumit Dutta (NASA’s GSFC),
http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SKYCAL/SKYCAL.html.

If you go to the above site, you can print out a list like the above for the entire year or calendar pages for your time zone.

Sun and Moon Rising and Setting Times

     LU                  Ephemeris of Sky Events for Interlochen/TC
October, 2024    Local time zone: EDT
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATE |  SUN     SUN  DAYLIGHT|   TWILIGHT*    |MOON  RISE OR    ILLUM |
|      |  RISE    SET    HOURS |  END    START  |PHASE SET** TIME FRACTN|
+=======================================================================+
|Tue  1| 07:41a  07:22p  11:40 | 08:25p  06:38a |      Rise 07:30a    1%|
|Wed  2| 07:42a  07:20p  11:37 | 08:23p  06:39a |New   Set  07:16p    0%|
|Thu  3| 07:43a  07:18p  11:34 | 08:21p  06:40a |      Set  07:33p    1%|
|Fri  4| 07:45a  07:16p  11:31 | 08:19p  06:42a |      Set  07:51p    4%|
|Sat  5| 07:46a  07:14p  11:28 | 08:17p  06:43a |      Set  08:13p    9%|
+------+-----------------------+----------------+-----------------------+
|Sun  6| 07:47a  07:13p  11:25 | 08:15p  06:44a |      Set  08:40p   15%|
|Mon  7| 07:48a  07:11p  11:22 | 08:14p  06:45a |      Set  09:15p   23%|
|Tue  8| 07:50a  07:09p  11:19 | 08:12p  06:47a |      Set  10:00p   32%|
|Wed  9| 07:51a  07:07p  11:16 | 08:10p  06:48a |      Set  10:57p   42%|
|Thu 10| 07:52a  07:05p  11:13 | 08:08p  06:49a |F Qtr Set  12:05a   52%|
|Fri 11| 07:53a  07:04p  11:10 | 08:07p  06:50a |      Set  01:22a   63%|
|Sat 12| 07:55a  07:02p  11:07 | 08:05p  06:51a |      Set  02:41a   73%|
+------+-----------------------+----------------+-----------------------+
|Sun 13| 07:56a  07:00p  11:04 | 08:03p  06:53a |      Set  04:03a   83%|
|Mon 14| 07:57a  06:58p  11:01 | 08:02p  06:54a |      Set  05:24a   91%|
|Tue 15| 07:58a  06:57p  10:58 | 08:00p  06:55a |      Set  06:47a   97%|
|Wed 16| 08:00a  06:55p  10:55 | 07:58p  06:56a |      Set  08:11a  100%|
|Thu 17| 08:01a  06:53p  10:52 | 07:57p  06:58a |Full  Rise 06:53p  100%|
|Fri 18| 08:02a  06:52p  10:49 | 07:55p  06:59a |      Rise 07:21p   96%|
|Sat 19| 08:04a  06:50p  10:46 | 07:54p  07:00a |      Rise 07:55p   91%|
+------+-----------------------+----------------+-----------------------+
|Sun 20| 08:05a  06:48p  10:43 | 07:52p  07:01a |      Rise 08:40p   83%|
|Mon 21| 08:06a  06:47p  10:40 | 07:50p  07:02a |      Rise 09:35p   74%|
|Tue 22| 08:08a  06:45p  10:37 | 07:49p  07:04a |      Rise 10:40p   64%|
|Wed 23| 08:09a  06:44p  10:34 | 07:47p  07:05a |      Rise 11:50p   53%|
|Thu 24| 08:10a  06:42p  10:31 | 07:46p  07:06a |L Qtr Rise 01:01a   43%|
|Fri 25| 08:12a  06:40p  10:28 | 07:45p  07:07a |      Rise 02:09a   34%|
|Sat 26| 08:13a  06:39p  10:25 | 07:43p  07:09a |      Rise 03:15a   25%|
+------+-----------------------+----------------+-----------------------+
|Sun 27| 08:14a  06:37p  10:23 | 07:42p  07:10a |      Rise 04:19a   17%|
|Mon 28| 08:16a  06:36p  10:20 | 07:40p  07:11a |      Rise 05:22a   11%|
|Tue 29| 08:17a  06:34p  10:17 | 07:39p  07:12a |      Rise 06:24a    6%|
|Wed 30| 08:18a  06:33p  10:14 | 07:38p  07:14a |      Rise 07:28a    2%|
|Thu 31| 08:20a  06:32p  10:11 | 07:36p  07:15a |      Rise 08:34a    0%|
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
* Nautical Twilight
** Moonrise or moonset, whichever occurs between sunset and sunrise

Generated using my LookingUp for DOS program.

Categories: Comet, Ephemeris Program, Month preview, Observing Tags: ,